op aurora



Patented N v. 25, 1919.

M. VT. CHAPMAN.

WELL SlNKlNG APPARATUS. APPLlcAloNrrlLEp ue rrp entre MATTHEW T. CHAPMAN, AURORA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THEv AMERICAN WELL WORKS, 0F AURORA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

WELL-SINKING APPARATUS.

Patented Nov. 25, 1919.

Original application filed April 14, 1913, Serial No. 761,006. Divided and application led May 18, 1914, Serial No. 839,381. Divided and this application led August 13, 1917. Serial No. 185,911.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MATTHEW T'. CHAP- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Aurora, in the county of Kane, State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in .Well-Sinking Apparatus, of which the following is a speciiication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.l

This invention relates to well sinking apparatus of the type shown in Letters Patent 1,104,409, granted July 21, 1914, upon my application 761,006 and shown subsequent-ly in my divisional application 839,381, filed May 18, 1914, upon which Letters Patent, No. 1,248,614, dated December 4, 1917, has been issued, my present application being filed' as a division of said application 839,381. It is one of the objects of my invention to provide a new and improved form and arrangement of drilling apparatus especially adapted for boring through hard strata and adapted by reason of its form and action to retain its efliciency for a oomparatively very long period. To this end, it is one of the principal objects of my invention to provide a construction and arrangement comprising a drill of comparatively large siZe and means for manipulating such drill in the hole being bored so as to cause the drill to dig into the bottom and the walls of the hole by a succession of heavy blows rather than by a grinding process. It is another object of my invention to improve devices of this type in sundry details hereinafter pointed out. The preferred means by which I have accomplished my several objects are illustrated in the drawings and are hereinafter specifically described. That which I believe to be new and desire to cover by this Vapplicatio is set forth in the claim.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side view, partly in vertical section, of y improved drilling` apparatus in position in the bottom of a'holev being bored;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the drill shown in Fig.- 1; y

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical central section/taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the several' figures ofthe drawings, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters, 10 indicates a boring pipe having a coupling sleeve 11 mounted thereon by means of screw-threads, said coupling sleeve serving to connect a bracket 12 to said boring pipe through the medium of a screw-threaded lug 13 formed with said bracket. A second bracket 14 is secured in position below the bracket 12 by means of suitable screws or bolts passing through arms 15 extend-ing laterally from the brackets 12-14. In the construction shown, the screws or bolts also revolubly support cylindrical rollers 16 which serve as reamers, as hereinafter described. It will be understood that the brackets 12-14 may be secured together in any other suitable manner as may be desited,

The bracket 14 terminates at its lower end in a cylindrical. stud 17 extending at an angle relative to the 'boring pipe 10, in the construction shown this angle being approximately 45 degrees. Upon the stud 17 is revolubly mounted-a drill 18 whichis kept in position on the stud by means of pins 19 eX- tending through suitable openings in the drill and working in a groove'20 extending circumferentially about the stud 17.

The lug 13 of the bracket 12 is provided with a centrally-located longitudinally-extending duct 21 communicating with the hollow boring pipe 10 and connecting at its lower end with a similar duct 22 extending down through the bracket 14 to the lower end of the stud 17. The drill 18, in turn, is provided with a central duct `23 communieating with the lower end of the duct 22. By this construction, water or other fluid forced downward through the boring pipe'A 10 has a free outlet through the opening 23 directly into the bottom of the hole being bored, such water being adapted to rise and thus remove from the hole the particles of rock or other material broken loose from the walls of the hole during the boring operation, all as is well understood in the art. Openings 24 are also provided through the drill 18 for facilitating the circulation of the water in and about the hole and the drill rapidly changing position therein.

As will'be seen by an inspection of the drawings, the rollers or reamers 16 are serrated or vtoothed on their outer faces, serving thus the double function of holding the drill '18 in central position relative to the hole being bored and of smoothing olf any irregularities in the side walls of the hole. The function of holding the drill in central A position in the hole being bored is of very considerable importance under certain circumstances and particularly when the drill is passing through a soft stratum into a hard one or from a hard stratum into a soft one.

Under such circumstances, a'drill Vhas a strong tendency to shoot toward the side at which the resistance happens to be smaller than at the other side by reason of an angular disposition'of the strata or some irregularity in the conformation.- It is there- `fore important that means be provided' so far as possible for holding the drill in -central position at such times.

As is seen by an inspection of Figs. 1 and '2, they drill is serrated, knurled, chiseled, or

' toothed over its'entire bottom face and about its-periphery, being preferably cast in this` form of manganese steel or other very hard andl tough metal'. The drill of course is free v vto rotate relative to the boring pipe 10 .eX`

cept as the action ofthe drill is controlled by its engagement'with the walls of the hole being bored. By reason ofthe angular disposition of the stud 17 relative to the borin pipe 10, my improved drill, held in centra position in the hole by the rollers orl .reamers 16, is given a continuously-progressive ltipping movement or gyration as distinguished from .a normal rotary movement, the drill being thus ladapted to dig into the .wall and the' bottom of the hole rather than of matter being torn Aloose in the process'.

to grind off the surfaces. When the boring pipe is given a rapid rotation, the drill is brought into contact with the walls of the hole with a succession of rapid heavyblows,

there being sufficient vibration of the drill to. insure a succession of blows in lieu of a smooth rolling contact. l'The drill is thus adapted to break loose particles from the wall, which are .then crushedby -succeeding 'blows of the drill and then lio-atedV upward 4 on `the stream of"water passing upwardv along the hole. The particles of rock so 'broken loose and then crushed serve a use ful function in the boring operation, bei forced more or less into the walls of the hole and.` then again torn loose, other particles By reason ofthis being accomplished by a succession of heavy blows struck by a heavy' drill, the wear upon the drill is very slight and it is very seldom necessary to remove the' line of boring pipes lfromthe well for 4the substitution of a fresh drill.

By my invention, I have provided-a construction comprising. a boring pipe and a drill revolubly connected therewith so as to revolve on an axis at an angle thereto, such connection being effected bythe use of an axle-member comprising the brackets 12-14.

VWhile Ihave shown rollers or reamers 16 in position upon the brackets 12f-14` and prefer to employ such parts, it will be un-` derstood that I do not limit myself to this `particular construction except as `hereinafter specifically claimed, inasmuch as it is plain that an operative and elicient boring evi'ce is produced without the use of the reamers. So far as I' am aware, Iv am the rst in the art to provide a boring mecha-v nism of the type shown in the drawings, in which the axle-member, leaving out of consideration the reamers and 'other, parts not necessary to an effective operation vof. the mechanism, extends to a smaller distance laterally in every direction than does the drill mounted in -a tipped positionimmef diately below lsuch axle-member, and` my claim is to be construed accordingly. As will be readily appreciated, if the rollers or reamers 16 are omitted', the drill would nected therewith, a second bracket below said first-named bracket, means comprising 4verticallyextending bolts lforconnectin said'two brackets' Xedly together, a dri revolubly connected with said second bracket anel adapted to revolve about an axis atan angle to said boring'pipe, and rollers'revolubly mounted on said bolts adapted to hold said drill in substantially centered position in the hole beingboredi 

